peri-menopause

What is peri-menopause?

Peri -menopause is the transition period preceding menopause. It is characterized by hormonal changes which can begin several years before the definitive cessation of menstruation. During this phase, estrogen and progesterone levels fluctuate, which can lead to various symptoms.

What are the symptoms of peri-menopause?

Symptoms of perimenopause vary from woman to woman, but the most common include:

• Hot flashes and night sweats
• Menstrual irregularities
• Vaginal dryness
• Sleeping troubles
• Chronic fatigue
• Mood swings and irritability
• Weight gain , especially in the abdomen
• Decreased libido

At what age does peri-menopause start?

Perimenopause usually begins between the ages of 45 and 55, but some women may feel its effects as early as their 40s. The duration of this phase can vary, ranging from a few months to several years before the arrival of menopause.

How to diagnose peri-menopause?

Diagnosis of perimenopause is based on clinical symptoms and can be confirmed with blood tests measuring hormonal levels, including FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and estrogen levels.

What are the treatment options for peri-menopause?

Treatments for peri-menopause aim to relieve symptoms and may include:

• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
• Non-hormonal medications (antidepressants, treatments for osteoporosis)
• Lifestyle changes (balanced diet, exercise, stress management)
• Food supplements (phytoestrogens, vitamins)

How to deal with hot flashes during peri-menopause?

To manage hot flashes during peri-menopause , it is recommended to:

• Avoid spicy foods and hot drinks
• Maintain a cool room temperature
• Wear light, layered clothing
• Practice relaxation techniques like yoga or meditation
• See a doctor to discuss possible treatments

Does perimenopause affect fertility?

Yes, peri-menopause can affect fertility. Menstrual cycles become irregular, making it more difficult to conceive. However, it is still possible to get pregnant until menstruation has completely stopped.

What are the impacts of peri-menopause on bone health?

Declining estrogen levels during peri-menopause can lead to decreased bone density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis . It is important to maintain a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and to practice muscle strengthening exercises to maintain bone health.

Can peri-menopause affect mental health?

Yes, peri-menopause can impact mental health. Hormonal fluctuations can lead to symptoms like anxiety, depression, and mood swings . It is essential to consult a healthcare professional if these symptoms become unmanageable.

What lifestyle changes can help manage peri-menopause?

To better manage peri-menopause , the following lifestyle changes may be beneficial:

• Adopt a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
• Exercise regularly to maintain a healthy weight and reduce stress
• Avoid tobacco and alcohol , which can make symptoms worse
• Practice stress management techniques , such as meditation or yoga
• Get enough sleep to improve overall quality of life