Peri -menopause is the transition period preceding menopause. It is characterized by hormonal changes which can begin several years before the definitive cessation of menstruation. During this phase, estrogen and progesterone levels fluctuate, which can lead to various symptoms.
Symptoms of perimenopause vary from woman to woman, but the most common include:
Perimenopause usually begins between the ages of 45 and 55, but some women may feel its effects as early as their 40s. The duration of this phase can vary, ranging from a few months to several years before the arrival of menopause.
Diagnosis of perimenopause is based on clinical symptoms and can be confirmed with blood tests measuring hormonal levels, including FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and estrogen levels.
Treatments for peri-menopause aim to relieve symptoms and may include:
To manage hot flashes during peri-menopause , it is recommended to:
Yes, peri-menopause can affect fertility. Menstrual cycles become irregular, making it more difficult to conceive. However, it is still possible to get pregnant until menstruation has completely stopped.
Declining estrogen levels during peri-menopause can lead to decreased bone density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis . It is important to maintain a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and to practice muscle strengthening exercises to maintain bone health.
Yes, peri-menopause can impact mental health. Hormonal fluctuations can lead to symptoms like anxiety, depression, and mood swings . It is essential to consult a healthcare professional if these symptoms become unmanageable.
To better manage peri-menopause , the following lifestyle changes may be beneficial:
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